Public or Private? | The Healthcare System in Gibraltar

Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory known for its iconic Rock, strategic location, and vibrant financial sector, maintains a healthcare system that closely mirrors the UK's National Health Service while incorporating unique local adaptations. With a population of approximately 34,000 people in just 6.8 square kilometers, Gibraltar offers comprehensive healthcare services despite its small size.

For expats considering a move to Gibraltar, understanding the healthcare system is crucial. The territory offers a welcoming environment for foreigners, with English-speaking medical professionals and modern facilities. The combination of local healthcare services and access to specialist care in both the UK and Spain makes it an attractive destination for those seeking quality medical care in a familiar system.

Gibraltar's healthcare system primarily operates through the Gibraltar Health Authority (GHA), which provides universal coverage through the Group Practice Medical Scheme (GPMS). The system ensures that all residents have access to comprehensive healthcare services while maintaining strong links with specialist healthcare providers in both the UK and Spain.

The Gibraltar healthcare system functions at three levels:

• Primary care: Provided by general practitioners at primary care centers
• Secondary care: Specialist consultations and diagnostics at St Bernard's Hospital
• Tertiary care: Complex procedures, often provided through arrangements with UK or Spanish hospitals

Patients typically need a referral from their GP to access specialist care, except in emergencies or for certain specific services.

As of 2025, Gibraltar spends approximately 12% of its GDP on healthcare.

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Structure of the Healthcare System in Gibraltar

Public healthcare

The Gibraltar Health Authority (GHA) provides comprehensive public healthcare services through the Group Practice Medical Scheme (GPMS). This system offers free or heavily subsidized care to registered residents and workers. The main facility, St Bernard's Hospital, provides a wide range of secondary care services, while primary care is delivered through primary care centers.

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Coverage and accessibility

The GPMS provides extensive coverage including primary care, specialist consultations, hospital treatment, emergency care, maternity services, and prescribed medications. Access to specialists typically requires a GP referral, though some services like emergency care are directly accessible. The system maintains strong links with UK and Spanish healthcare providers for specialized treatments not available locally.

Summary:

• Comprehensive coverage through GPMS
• Free or subsidized care for registered residents
• Access to UK and Spanish specialist services

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How to Register for Health Insurance in Gibraltar

To access public healthcare in Gibraltar, residents must register with the Gibraltar Health Authority. The registration process involves:

1. Obtaining a valid residence permit or work permit
2. Registering with the GHA using your social insurance number
3. Choosing a primary care physician
4. Obtaining a health card (GHA Card)

EU citizens can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for temporary stays, but should register with the local system for longer-term residence.

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Government-run healthcare programs

The GHA oversees all aspects of public healthcare delivery in Gibraltar. The authority maintains high standards of care through continuous professional development and regular service evaluations. The system particularly excels in primary care and emergency services, while maintaining effective referral pathways for specialized treatment.

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Private healthcare

Private healthcare in Gibraltar complements the public system, offering faster access to certain services and additional comfort options. Several private clinics operate in Gibraltar, primarily focusing on outpatient services and specialist consultations. Many residents maintain private insurance alongside GPMS coverage.

‍Pharmacy healthcare

Pharmacies in Gibraltar are well-distributed and professionally staffed. Prescription medications are available at subsidized rates for GPMS members. Pharmacies operate on a rota system for after-hours service, ensuring 24/7 access to essential medications. Over-the-counter medications are readily available and reasonably priced.

Children's Healthcare in Gibraltar

Pediatric services in Gibraltar are comprehensive and free for residents. Services include:

• Regular health check-ups and vaccinations
• School health programs
• Specialist pediatric care
• Emergency pediatric services

The system maintains strong links with specialized children's hospitals in the UK for complex cases.

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Gibraltar Dentists

Dental care in Gibraltar is primarily private, though some basic dental services are available through the GPMS for children and specific adult groups. Private dental clinics offer modern facilities and treatments at prices generally lower than in the UK. Emergency dental services are available through St Bernard's Hospital.

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Mental Healthcare in Gibraltar

Mental health services are integrated into the public healthcare system, with both inpatient and outpatient services available. The Community Mental Health Team provides comprehensive support, while acute care is delivered through dedicated facilities at Ocean Views Mental Health Hospital. Private psychologists and psychiatrists also practice in Gibraltar.

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Emergency healthcare

Emergency services in Gibraltar are well-organized and efficient. The Accident and Emergency department at St Bernard's Hospital operates 24/7, providing comprehensive emergency care. For emergencies, residents can call:

• 190 for ambulance services
• 112 for general emergencies
• 200 72266 for St Bernard's Hospital

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Access and Coverage for Free Healthcare in Gibraltar

Who is covered under public healthcare in Gibraltar?

The GPMS covers:

• Gibraltar residents
• Workers who contribute to social insurance
• Posted workers from EU countries
• Dependents of covered individuals

Waiting times and availability of services

Waiting times in Gibraltar's healthcare system are generally reasonable:

• GP appointments: Usually available within 1-2 days
• Specialist referrals: 2-8 weeks depending on specialty
• Non-urgent surgeries: 2-3 months average wait
• Emergency care: Immediate access

Geographic disparities in healthcare access

Given Gibraltar's small size, geographic access is not a significant issue. All residents are within easy reach of healthcare facilities. However, for certain specialized treatments, patients may need to travel to the UK or Spain.

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Quality of Healthcare in Gibraltar

Standards and regulations

Healthcare in Gibraltar follows UK standards and protocols, with regular audits and quality assessments. Medical professionals are typically UK-trained or hold equivalent qualifications. The GHA maintains strict regulatory oversight of all healthcare providers.

Comparison of public vs. private healthcare quality

Both public and private healthcare in Gibraltar maintain high standards. While the public system provides comprehensive coverage, private care offers advantages in terms of appointment flexibility and waiting times. Many residents use a combination of both systems depending on their needs.

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Regional Comparison

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