Public or Private? | The Healthcare System in Cambodia

Cambodia, a Southeast Asian nation known for its ancient temples, rich history, and vibrant culture, has a developing healthcare system that continues to improve. With a population of over 16 million, Cambodia offers both public and private healthcare options, with many expatriates and wealthier citizens opting for private care.

For expats considering a move to Cambodia, understanding the healthcare system is essential. While Cambodia provides an affordable cost of living and a warm climate, access to quality medical services remains a critical factor for those relocating.

Cambodia’s healthcare system consists of both public and private providers. The public system is underfunded and lacks adequate facilities, leading many to seek private care for better treatment and faster service.

The Cambodian healthcare system functions at three levels:

• Primary care: Provided by local health centers and general practitioners
• Secondary care: Specialist consultations and regional hospitals
• Tertiary care: Major hospitals, often requiring travel to Phnom Penh or abroad

Public healthcare is available at low costs, but private healthcare is generally preferred for better quality and shorter wait times.

Structure of the Healthcare System in Cambodia

Public healthcare

Cambodia’s public healthcare system is operated by the Ministry of Health and offers basic medical services at government-run hospitals and clinics. However, funding limitations and shortages of skilled professionals reduce service quality.

Coverage and accessibility

Public healthcare provides essential services, but facilities are often overcrowded and lack modern equipment.

The public system covers:

• General medical consultations
• Emergency treatment
• Maternal and child healthcare
• Vaccination programs
• Treatment for infectious diseases
• Basic prescriptions

Despite affordability, many residents seek private care due to poor infrastructure and inconsistent service quality.

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How to Register for Health Insurance in Cambodia

Cambodia does not have a universal healthcare system, but some employers provide private health insurance. Expats typically purchase international insurance plans to ensure adequate medical coverage.

Government-run healthcare programs

Cambodia has public health initiatives focusing on vaccinations, maternal health, and infectious disease control. However, regional disparities and limited resources affect accessibility.

Private healthcare

Private healthcare in Cambodia is the preferred choice for most expatriates and affluent residents. Private hospitals and clinics offer superior services and shorter wait times but come at higher costs.

Pharmacy healthcare

Pharmacies (drug stores) are widely available in Cambodia, with many medications accessible without a prescription. However, the quality and authenticity of some drugs can be a concern, so expats should use reputable pharmacies.

Children’s Healthcare in Cambodia

Pediatric care in Cambodia is available through public and private hospitals, covering:

• Routine check-ups
• Vaccinations
• Treatment for childhood illnesses

Private hospitals provide better pediatric services compared to public institutions.

Cambodian Dentists

Basic dental care is available through public hospitals, but private dental clinics offer better-quality treatment. Many expats travel to neighboring countries for complex procedures.

Mental Healthcare in Cambodia

Mental health services are limited in Cambodia, with only a few specialized professionals. Expats seeking psychiatric or psychological care often rely on private clinics or telehealth services.

Other Forms of Cambodian Healthcare

Traditional Khmer medicine and alternative therapies, including herbal remedies and acupuncture, are widely practiced, often complementing conventional medical treatment.

Emergency healthcare

Emergency medical services are available but are often slow, particularly in rural areas. Many expats rely on private hospitals for urgent care.

What to Do in an Emergency

For medical emergencies, call 119 in Cambodia. However, ambulance response times can be slow, so using private hospital emergency services is often a better option.

Access and Coverage for Free Healthcare in Cambodia

Who is covered under public healthcare in Cambodia?

Public healthcare is available to all citizens at low cost, but expats and wealthier residents generally opt for private care.

Waiting times and availability of services in Cambodia

Public hospitals often have long wait times and limited resources, making private healthcare a more attractive option for urgent or specialized treatment.

Geographic disparities in healthcare access in Cambodia

Healthcare quality varies widely between Phnom Penh and rural areas. While the capital has modern private hospitals, rural communities often have minimal healthcare access.

Access and Coverage for Private Healthcare in Cambodia

Private insurance options

Private health insurance is recommended for expats, covering treatment in Cambodia and neighboring countries like Thailand and Singapore for more advanced care.

Popular insurance networks and hospitals

The best private hospitals in Cambodia are located in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. Many expats prefer hospitals affiliated with international organizations for higher-quality care.

Quality of Healthcare in Cambodia

Standards and regulations in Cambodia

Cambodia’s healthcare sector is improving, but public healthcare remains underdeveloped. The government is working on increasing medical training and infrastructure.

Comparison of public vs. private healthcare quality in Cambodia

Public healthcare is accessible but lacks quality, while private healthcare provides superior services at a higher cost.

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Out-of-pocket Expenditure

Regional Comparison

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Useful Resources

• GlobalPassport Cambodia webpage: https://www.globalpassport.ai/destinations/cambodia
• Cambodia Ministry of Health: http://www.moh.gov.kh/
• Royal Phnom Penh Hospital (Private hospital): https://www.royalphnompenhhospital.com/
• International SOS Cambodia (Medical Assistance Service): https://www.internationalsos.com/

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