Romania

"Toți în unu" ("All for One")

overview

Welcome to Romania

Romania: "Romania, a country in Eastern Europe, is known for its forested regions and medieval castles. The economy is growing, with industries like IT, agriculture, and manufacturing playing key roles. Romania’s cultural heritage and natural beauty make it a country rich in both history and opportunity.",

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Romania Essentials

Inno nazionale

Deșteaptă-te, române!

Giorno dell'Indipendenza

May 9, 1877

Haiko

Transylvania's mist / Painted monasteries shine / Carpathians loom large

Interesting Tradition

Celebrates Mărțișor by exchanging red and white string talismans for good luck

Weirdest Local Superstition

Cats crossing your path bring bad luck

Strangest Law Still on the Books

Illegal to drive a dirty car

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Come for the history, stay for the future

Come for the legends, stay for the leapfrog: Romania combines Carpathian mystique with rapidly evolving tech infrastructure. Historic castles overlook growing IT hubs, while life balances between morning walks in medieval towns and afternoon coding sessions. Recent digital nomad visas and EU membership have transformed Romania into an emerging center for international talent.

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Hai

Venture into a realm where hospitality isn't just tradition, but transformation. Here, Carpathian myths inspire digital reality.

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Bun venit in Romania

Home to Dracula and beautiful castles where every trip can turn into a spooky adventure

Romania isn't just a country—it's a fairy tale come to life. Here, time moves between medieval mysteries and modern energy, and even a simple drive through Transylvania becomes an exercise in magical realism. This is a land where legend and reality dance together.

From the painted monasteries of Bucovina to the castle-crowned peaks of the Carpathians, Romania offers intrigue for every curious wanderer. Whether you're drawn to the Belle Époque elegance of Bucharest, the preserved Saxon towns of Transylvania, or the traditional villages of Maramureş, you'll find a country that turns its myths into unforgettable experiences.

Statistiche

Savor the Flavor

Eat

sarmale (stuffed cabbage rolls) - mici (grilled meat rolls)

Drink

țuică (plum brandy) - visinata (sour cherry liqueur)

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Sete?

Beer

Annual consumption (liters per capita)

87

Wine

Annual consumption (liters per capita)

25

Coffee

Annual consumption (liters per capita)

6.90

Tea

Annual consumption (liters per capita)

0.10

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Cultural Tips and Etiquette

#1
Stepping over someone sitting/lying down requires walking back over them
#2
Plum brandy offering has ritualistic components
#3
Folk custom knowledge varies greatly by region
#4
Toast eye contact maintained until glass down
#5
Breaking bread requires specific hand positioning

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Romania Essentials

Representative Novel

The Last Night of Love, the First Night of War by Camil Petrescu (Novel set in Romania during WWI)

National Animal

Lynx

National Pasttime

Calcio (Soccer)

Souvenir nazionale

Hand-painted egg

Piatto nazionale

Sarmale

Festival famoso

Sighișoara Medieval Festival

Danza famosa

Hora

Musica famosa

Doina

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Did You Know?

Home to the heaviest building in the world

Celebrates Mărțișor by exchanging red and white string talismans for good luck

Home to Dracula and beautiful castles where every trip can turn into a spooky adventure

overview

Romania’s Key Historical Events

1,330

Aprile 2014

Establishment of Wallachia as first Romanian principality under Basarab I

1859

Luglio 2014

Unification of Wallachia and Moldavia under Alexander Ioan Cuza forming modern Romania

1918

Febbraio 2015

Greater Romania formed after World War I through union with Transylvania

1947

Marzo 2015

Communist regime established as King Michael is forced to abdicate

1989

Ottobre 2016

Romanian Revolution overthrows Communist dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu

MOBILITY

Access Romania Residency Rights on the GlobalPassport™ Platform 

NO. OF Mobility Assets

1

MOBILITY

Citizenship Pathways and
Residency Requirements

Citizenship by Birth
Citizenship by DESCENT
Citizenship by MARRIAGE
5 years
DUAL Citizenship
RESIDENCY BY Naturalization
5
PASSPORT VALIDITY
10 years, 5 years for children

MOBILITY

Passport Power

Visa Free Countries

152

Performance Class

Global Contender

Grado del passaporto

B+

Rank

49

Score

157.3

This visa grants access to:

• 41% of the world's population 

• 77% of UNESCO sites 

• 49% of global GDP 

• 52% of the world's land area 

MOBILITY

Accesso senza visto a:

MOBILITY

Number of American Emigrants to Romania by Year 

Year
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Romania

MOBILITY

Compare My Passport

Select up to 3 Mobility Assets
Mobilità
Approval Time (est.)
Appointment Availability
Term (i.e. duration)
Minimum Investment
Requisito della presenza fisica
Costo della vita
English Usage
Quality of Life
Healthcare Ranking
Passport Power
Visa-free Country Access
Number of American Expats
More Details

Rankings

Romania's Global Rankings 

Romania stands out with minimal tax burden (#15) and high English proficiency (#15). Our analysis shows high happiness (#32) and affordable living costs (#69).

Exceptional performance
Standard performance
Needs Improvement
Rankings are based on 2023-2024 Global Indices and Assessments from recognized international organizations. Updated quarterly to reflect the most recent available data
69
Costo della vita
2024
Conveniente
40
Quality of Life
2024
Comfortable
36
Safety
2024
Alto
32
Happiness
2024
Alto
15
Tax Burden
2024
Minimal Load
15
English Proficiency
2023
High Proficiency
44
Rule of Law
2024
Moderate
72
Healthcare System
2024
Basic Coverage
42
Pleasant Climate
2024
Comfortable

Healthcare

Healthcare Overview

Key Health Indicators

Età mediana

42.6

years

Life Expectancy

75.9

years

Obesity Rate

22.50%

Tobacco Use

28.00%

Sources

Health care Indicators

Health Expenditure

6.48%

of GDP

Hospital Beds

6.89

per 1000 people

Doctors

3

per 1000 people

Out-of-pocket

20.94%

of total expenditure

Sources

Healthcare

Did you Know?

Universal Healthcare System

Romania offers a universal healthcare system, providing free or low-cost medical services to citizens and residents through public hospitals.

Private Healthcare Sector

Private healthcare is also available in Romania for those seeking quicker access to non-urgent treatments and specialized care.

Healthcare for Expats

Expatriates in Romania can access both public and private healthcare, though many opt for private insurance to cover faster access to services.

Pharmaceutical Availability

Pharmaceuticals are widely available in Romania, with both local and international medications accessible at competitive prices.

Focus on Preventive Care

Romania places a strong emphasis on preventive healthcare, offering free vaccinations and regular health check-ups for residents.

Healthcare

United Healthcare Coverage Service Index (2000 - 2021)

Healthcare

Healthcare Cost Calculator

cost of living

Panoramica del costo della vita

Romania offers one of the lowest costs of living in the European Union. Bucharest, the capital, is more expensive than other cities but still provides good value. Housing costs in Bucharest have been increasing but remain affordable by European standards. Food is inexpensive, particularly at local markets. Utilities are moderately priced, with heating being a significant expense in winter. Public transportation is cheap and relatively efficient in cities. Education costs are low, with many universities offering affordable programs.

Cost of Gasoline

$1.56

per liter

Cost of Meal

$10.08

(Inexpensive Restaurant)

Monthly Rent

$465.81

(1 bedroom, City Center)

Monthly Utilities

$155.77

(85m² Apartment)

Domestic Beer

$2.24

(0.5 liter draught)

Aliquota IVA

19%

cost of living

Cost of Living plus Rent Map

cost of living

Cost of Living Calculator

cost of living

Rent Calculator

Tassazione

Panoramica sulla tassazione

Understanding Romania's tax environment is vital before moving there.+Romania taxes resident expats on their worldwide income, while non-residents are taxed only on Romanian-source income. There is a flat income tax rate of 10%. Social security contributions are mandatory. A Personal Numerical Code (CNP) is used for tax purposes.+Romania has a double taxation treaty with the United States to prevent dual taxation issues.

Tax Residency Requirement

183 days

Worldwide Income Taxation

Higher Rates for Foreign Assets

No

US Double Taxation Treaty

Reddito personale

Progressive tax rate based on income levels

10%

Personal Capital Gains

Flat rate on investment gains

10%

Eredità

Based on inherited amount and relationship

0%

Reddito d'impresa

Standard corporate tax rate applied to business profits

16%

Plusvalenze aziendali

Tax rate applied to capital gains from corporate investments

16%

Dividendi

Withholding tax rate applied to dividend distributions

0%-8%

Interesse

Withholding rate interest payment to non-residens

16%

Royalties

Withholding tax rate for royalty payments

16%

Work Assignment

Foreign individuals are considered residents if they have the center of vital interests in Romania, are present in Romania for a period or periods that exceed 183 days in any 12 consecutive months, or are Romanian citizens working abroad as civil servants or employees of the Romanian state.

Overall Ranking

Global position in PWC’c Ease of Paying Taxes ranking

32

Ease of Paying Taxes Score

Overall score based on multiple factors

85.2

Total Tax and Cotribution Rate

TTCR percentage including all mandatory contributtions

20
%

Time to Comply

Annual hours required to comply with tax regulations

163
HOURS

Number of Payments

Total number of tax payments required annually

14

Post-filing Index

Score measuring the ease of processes after filing taxes

76.8
%

taxation

Tax Burden Map

taxation

Income Tax Calculator

CLIMATE

Climate Type

Temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms

Average Temperature

10.18 °C

Humidity

74

%

Average Annual Precipitation

637

mm

Rainless Days per Year

272

Best Time to Travel

May-September

Domande?

Frequently Asked Questions About Gaining Residency or Citizenship in Romania

Find answers to common questions about GlobalPassport™ and our tools guiding you towards residency or citizenship in Romania

What Mobility Assets are available to me in Romania?

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What language do they speak in Romania?

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Can my family members apply for residency or citizenship in Romania with me?

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How can GlobalPassport™ help me move to Romania?

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Posso mantenere la mia cittadinanza?

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Articoli sulle risorse per la mobilità

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