Public or Private? | The Healthcare System in Greece

Greece, a country renowned for its ancient history, stunning islands, and Mediterranean lifestyle, is home to a healthcare system that has faced challenges but continues to provide essential services. Located in Southeastern Europe, Greece boasts a population of about 10.7 million people and is known for its rich cultural heritage and warm hospitality.

For expats considering a move to Greece, understanding the healthcare system is crucial. Greece offers a welcoming environment for foreigners, with many choosing to retire or work in this beautiful Mediterranean country. The Greek lifestyle, combined with access to healthcare, makes it an attractive destination for those seeking a balance between cultural experiences and health services.

Greece's healthcare system is a mix of public and private services, with the public sector providing universal coverage through the National Organization for Healthcare Provision (EOPYY). Established in 2011, the EOPYY aims to ensure that all legal residents have access to necessary healthcare services.

The Greek healthcare system functions at three levels:

• Primary care: Provided by general practitioners and health centers
• Secondary care: Specialist consultations and diagnostics
• Tertiary care: Hospital treatments and complex procedures

Patients typically need a referral from their GP to access specialist care, except for certain services like emergency care.

As of 2021, Greece spent about 8% of its GDP on healthcare.

Structure of the Healthcare System in Greece

Saúde pública

The EOPYY forms the backbone of Greece's public healthcare system, offering a range of services to all insured individuals. It provides access to primary care, inpatient care, health screenings, and other essential medical services.

Cobertura e acessibilidade

The EOPYY provides coverage for various services, including:

• GP consultations
• Specialist visits (with referral)
• Hospitalization
• Atendimento de emergência
• Maternity and pediatric care
• Vacinas
• Screening programs
• Basic dental care
• Medicamentos prescritos (com co-pagamentos)

Some services may require co-payments, which can vary depending on the type of care and the patient's insurance status.

How to Register for Health Insurance in Greece

To access public healthcare in Greece:

1. Obtain a residence permit (if non-EU)
2. Register with the local EOPYY office
3. Choose a GP or visit a local health center for primary care

EU citizens staying temporarily can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). For longer stays, they should register with the Greek healthcare system.

Programas de saúde administrados pelo governo

Greece's healthcare system is centralized, with the Ministry of Health overseeing the national healthcare policy. The EOPYY is responsible for managing the health insurance system and contracting healthcare providers.

Assistência médica privada

Private healthcare plays a significant role in Greece, offering faster access to certain services and often perceived as providing higher quality care. Many Greeks opt for private healthcare services, especially for specialist consultations and elective procedures.

Assistência médica farmacêutica

Pharmacies (φαρμακεία) are widespread in Greece and are an integral part of the Greek healthcare system. Many medications require prescriptions, and patients usually need to pay a portion of the cost. Over-the-counter medications are also available. Pharmacies operate on a rotation system for night and holiday services.

Children's Healthcare in Greece

Pediatric care in Greece is provided by pediatricians and includes:

• Check-ups regulares
• Vaccinations (following the national immunization schedule)
• Tratamento para doenças comuns da infância

Children can see a pediatrician directly without a referral.

Greek Dentists

In Greece, basic dental care is covered by the EOPYY. However, more complex treatments often require additional payments or private care.

Mental Healthcare in Greece

Mental health services in Greece include consultations with psychiatrists and psychologists, community mental health centers, and inpatient facilities. While these services are available through the public system, waiting times can be long, prompting some people to opt for private care.

Other Forms of Greek Healthcare

Alternative and complementary therapies are available in Greece, but these services are generally not covered by the public healthcare system.

Assistência médica de emergência

Emergency care is provided free of charge to all individuals, including tourists and undocumented immigrants.

What to Do in an Emergency

For emergencies in Greece, call 166 for an ambulance or 112 for the European emergency number. Emergency departments in hospitals are called "Τμήμα Επειγόντων Περιστατικών" (TEΠ).

Access and Coverage for Free Healthcare in Greece

Who is covered under public healthcare in Greece?

The EOPYY covers all Greek citizens and legal foreign residents who are employed or belong to certain other groups. EU citizens can also obtain free cross-border healthcare using their EHIC.

Waiting times and availability of services in Greece

While the EOPYY provides comprehensive coverage, waiting times can be long, especially for non-urgent procedures and specialist consultations. This has led many Greeks to seek private healthcare options.

Geographic disparities in healthcare access in Greece

There are significant regional differences in healthcare quality and accessibility in Greece. Urban areas, especially Athens and Thessaloniki, generally have higher capacity and more advanced technology compared to rural regions and islands.

Access and Coverage for Private Healthcare in Greece

Opções de seguro privado

Private health insurance in Greece is popular, with many residents opting for additional coverage to complement the public system or to access faster and perceived higher-quality care.

Redes de seguros e hospitais populares

Private hospitals and clinics are prevalent in Greece, especially in urban areas. They often provide faster access to certain services and specialized treatments.

Quality of Healthcare in Greece

Standards and regulations in Greece

The Greek healthcare system is regulated by the Ministry of Health, which oversees health care planning, system ethics, and other crucial areas. Greece has been working to align its healthcare standards with those of the European Union.

Comparison of public vs. private healthcare quality in Greece

While the public healthcare system in Greece provides essential services, it has faced challenges due to economic constraints. Private healthcare is often perceived as offering higher quality and more efficient services, leading many Greeks to opt for private care when possible.

Useful Resources

• Greek Ministry of Health: https://www.moh.gov.gr/
• National Organization for Healthcare Provision (EOPYY): https://www.eopyy.gov.gr/
• Hellenic Medical Association: https://www.pis.gr/

FAQs About Healthcare in Greece

How do I register for public healthcare as an expat?

To access the Greek healthcare system as an expat, you must register with the local EOPYY office after obtaining residency.

Is emergency medical assistance free?

Yes, emergency medical assistance is provided free of charge to anyone in need without asking for upfront payment.

Can I use my European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) in Greece?

Yes, EU citizens can use their EHIC to access necessary healthcare services while residing or traveling in Greece.

What should I do if I need medical care during weekends or late at night?

You can call 166 for medical emergencies or visit the nearest hospital's emergency department (TEΠ).

Are there language barriers when seeking medical care?

Expats who do not speak Greek fluently may face language barriers when seeking medical care; it's advisable to bring a friend or translator for assistance during consultations, especially outside major urban areas.

Conclusão

Greece's healthcare system combines public and private services, with the EOPYY providing universal coverage to insured individuals. While the public system faces challenges, including long waiting times and regional disparities, it continues to provide essential services. Private healthcare plays a significant role, offering additional options for those seeking faster access or perceived higher-quality care. For expats and residents alike, understanding the structure and benefits of Greece's healthcare system is essential for navigating health services in this beautiful Mediterranean country.

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